انتشار الاكتئاب في ضوء بعض المتغيرات الديموغرافية في السودان: دراسة تحليلية للفترة من (2000 إلى 2023)

أسماء محمد مصطفى دفع الله

doi:10.55074/hesj.vi49.1553

المؤلفون

أسماء محمد مصطفى دفع الله أستاذ الصحة النفسية المساعد بقسم علم النفس كلية اللغات والعلوم الإنسانية، جامعة القصيم - السعودية وقسم علم النفس - كلية العلوم الإنسانية جامعة بحري - السودان

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.55074/hesj.vi49.1553

الكلمات المفتاحية:

اكتئاب، متغيرات ديموغرافية، المرضى النفسيين، السودان

الملخص

هدفت الدراسة إلى تحليل مدى انتشار الاكتئاب بين المرضى النفسيين في السودان، خلال الفترة من عام 2000)) إلى عام ((2023 في ضوء عدد من المتغيرات الديموغرافية تضمنت النوع، والعمر، والحالة الاجتماعية، والمستوى التعليمي، والموقع الجغرافي، واتبعت الدراسة المنهج الوصفي التحليلي، وتم جمع البيانات من سجلات مرضى مشخصين مسبقًا في سبعة مستشفيات ووحدات نفسية موزعة على ولايات متعددة، وقد اعتمدت الدراسة على عينة متاحة بلغ حجمها النهائي (4779) حالة، ولمعالجة البيانات إحصائيًا تم حساب التكرارات والنسب المئوية نظرًا لطبيعة البيانات السريرية والتشخيصية الجاهزة، وخلصت النتائج إلى أن نسبة الإصابة بالاكتئاب بلغت (%18.7) من إجمالي العينة، كما كشفت عن ارتفاع معدل الانتشار لدى الفئات العمرية 30-21))، تلتها الفئة 31)-(40 عامًا، وأن نسبة الانتشار كانت أعلى بين الإناث، وكذلك بين العزاب والمتزوجين، وفيما يتعلق بالمستوى التعليمي توصلت الدراسة إلى أن معدل الانتشار كان أعلى بين الأفراد في الثانوي ثم الحاصلين على تعليم جامعي، كما أظهرت النتائج تباين في نسب الانتشار بين الولايات، وخلال الفترة من 2000) إلى (2023، مع ميل عام نحو التصاعد، وفي ضوء هذه النتائج، توصي الدراسة بتوجيه حملات توعوية لزيادة الوعي بالاكتئاب وعوامله وتعزيز برامج التدخل المبكر خاصة للفئات الأكثر عرضة للاكتئاب، بجانب توسيع نطاق الخدمات النفسية، وتحسين البنية التحتية النفسية، لا سيما في الولايات التي سجلت معدلات مرتفعة، كما توصي الدراسة بدمج خدمات الصحة النفسية في النظام الصحي العام، وربط السياسات الصحية بالإحصاءات المستخلصة من الدراسات المحلية لتكون مرجعية لصانعي القرار في وزارة الصحة.

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