تطور الأوضاع السياسية في القدس منذ الفتح حتى نهاية القرن السابع الهجري

Abstract

The study showed the development of political conditions in Jerusalem from the conquest to the end of the seventh century AH. And it revealed the importance of the Islamic conquest of Medina in the Al-Rashidi era, At the political level is accompanying this documentation of "Al-OmariahAleahda", That established the rules for tolerance for people of other religions

The study examined the impact of the Umayyad rule on the reality of the city by building the Dome of the Holy Rock and the blessed Al-Aqsa Mosque. The study showed the position of the Islamic direction of the city during the Abbasids. The study also reviewed the history of the city in the Fatimid period.

On the level of the development of the political and military situations in Jerusalem, the study dealt with the history of the city and the Crusades, and the accompanying political and religious changes that affected the reality of the city, at a time when Jerusalem was following Fatimid rule in Cairo. The study dealt with the return of the city to the light of Islam in the year (583 AH / 1187 AD) after it was overshadowed by the darkness of the Crusaders for a period of eighty-eight years.

The study included the effect of Mamluk rule on the reality of the city. On the military side, the Mamluks managed to liberate the Palestinian coast in the battle of AinJalut in the year (658 AH / 1260 CE), and expelled the Crusaders from it, and this was a turning point in the history of the region.

The study showed the important political developments that Jerusalem witnessed during the Mamluk era, and the accompanying changes in the system of government and administration in Palestine, which led to the establishment of the Jerusalem Prosecution Office, and to an active movement in cultural life. On the official level, this reflects a policy based on caring for the blessed Al-Aqsa Mosque, because of its special status and religious importance among Muslims.