The Average Longevity of Psychologists, Scientists of Natural Sciences (Physics, Chemistry), Medicine, Economics, Senior Politicians, Great Writers, and Artists: A Comparative Study according to the Variables of Specialization, Culture and Time

Abstract

    The study aims to identify the average of longevity of psychologists, scientists of natural sciences (physics, chemistry), medicine, economics, senior politicians, great writers, and artists, and compare it with the average life expectancy of society. As well as identifying the nature of the differences in longevity according to the variable of specialization, culture, and time. The researchers have used the descriptive analytical method, where the data of the date of birth and death of scientists have been analyzed from a number of approved official sources such as the Nobel Prize website, WHO website and the website of Wikipedia.  The validity of the data has been verified by checking the repetition of the same data in more than one source. The researchers have selected a sample of data from leading psychologists with world-famous theorists, Nobel Prize winners in the natural sciences, economics, politics, and literature, all male deceased from two eras: the nineteenth and twentieth centuries, and from two cultural categories, American and European society. For the category of artists chosen only from the American and Arab community. The sample has been chosen in a simple random method. The sample consists of (1245).  

     The study has concluded that scientists in various disciplines live longer than the average ages of their societies, as well as famous literary men and politicians. Artists differ from others, whose spans of life vary between an average age that is less than their society in some societies such as the American society and the Gulf societies and among those who do not differ from their societies as in some Arab countries such as Egypt, Iraq and the Levant. Despite the findings of the study that psychologists live less than scientists in other disciplines (natural sciences, medicine, economics), senior politicians and writers.  Yet, they enjoy a greater age compared to their societies. The results have concluded that the lowest group in longevity is the group of artists.  The results also have found that longevity increases with the progression of time. Scientists, writers and politicians born in the twentieth century live longer than scientists born in the nineteenth century, except for artists in American society who are the opposite.